Mandatory Sentencing For Minor Drug Offences - 957 Words

Since 1971, the United States has been on a war against drugs. Yet four decades and one trillion dollars later, we are still fighting this war (Branson). All that we have to show for this war is drugs running rampant and tons of citizens incarcerated. Mandatory sentencing for minor drug offences should be overturned due to overflowing prisons, damaging families, and the scare tactic it was created to be has failed. Due to mandatory sentencing for minor drug offences, the American prison system is overflowing with inmates. According to E. Ann Carson, a Statistician for the Bureau of Justice Statistics, â€Å"Fifty percent (95,800) of sentenced inmates in federal prison on September 30, 2014 (the most recent date for which federal offense data are available) were serving time for drug offenses. In comparison to the 53% in state prisons, violent offenders represented 7% of the federal prison population (14,000 prisoners)† (Carson 17). Half of the United States’ prison pop ulation in both state and federal is incarcerated for drug related crimes. This is huge compared to the seven percent of the population in federal prisons for violent crimes. The United States Federal Registrar says â€Å"The average annual cost to confine an inmate in a Community Corrections Center for Fiscal Year 2011 was $26,163† (Prisons Bureau). This cost falls to the tax payers. It would cost taxpayers over two and a half billion dollars to house all the people guilty of minor drug offences in federal prisonShow MoreRelatedAgainst Mandatory Sentencing Debate970 Words   |  4 PagesA mandatory sentence is one where judicial discretion is limited by law; those convicted of certain crimes must be punished with at least a minimum number of years in prison. The most famous example of mandatory sentencing is the ‘three strikes and you’re out’ policy adopted first in California in 1994, and now more widespread in the USA. Three strikes laws require life imprisonment for a third criminal conviction, but other forms of mandatory sentencing are now being discussed and implementedRead MoreThe Federal Mandatory Minimum Sentencing978 Words   |  4 Pagesmethod of sentencing criminals was the establishment of the mandatory minimum sentencing. During the early days of the republic, specific sentences were carried out for certain crime and early mandatory sentences the forms of punishment used at the time stretched from ducking stools/cucking stools for disorderly women and dishonest tradesmen in England, Soctland to hanging for convicted murderers. However, in recent years, evidence gathered have shown that the federal mandatory minimum sentencing wereRead MoreDo Queensland s Sentencing Laws Focus Too Heavily On Punishment948 Words   |  4 PagesQueensland’s sentencing laws focus too heavily on punishment, rather than rehabilitation, of drug offenders? Queensland’s current drug sentencing laws primarily focus on punishment more than rehabilitation. Courts in Queensland have penalties that can be enforced on an offender such as Community Service Order, Fines Restitution, Probation, Intensive Correction Order, Imprisonment and Parole for the use of illegal drugs. The penalties vary according to the type and amount of drug use involved. Drug traffickingRead MoreDiscuss Factors That Affect Sentencing Decisions, Including the Purposes of Punishment and the Role of Victims.783 Words   |  4 Pagessentence must coincide with the statutory guidelines e.g that set out in the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 (NSW), and the judicial guidelines that set precedent for all judges and magistrates in the state. Within this legislation are the purposes for which a sentence may be imposed, types of penalties, minimum/maximum sentences and mandatory sentences. The purposes of sentencing are set out in the Crimes (Sentencing Procedures) Act 1999 (NSW) and fundamentally include deterrence, retributionRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1506 Words   |  7 Pages When, in 1971, Richard Nixon infamously declared a â€Å"war on drugs† it would have been nearly impossible for him to predict the collective sense of disapprobation which would come to accompany the now ubiquitous term. It would have been difficult for him to predict that the drug war would become a hot topic, a highly contentious and polarizing point of debate and, it would have difficult for him to predict that the United States would eventually become the prison capital of the world, incarceratingRead MoreMandatory Sentencing Laws For Repeat Offenders897 Words   |  4 PagesIn the 1990s, states began to execute mandatory sentencing laws for repeat offenders. This statute became known as â€Å"three strike laws†. The three strikes law increases prison sentence for people convicted of a felony. If you have two or more violent crimes or serious felonies, it limits the ability that offenders have to receive a punishment other than life sentencing. By 2003 over half of the states and federal government had enacted the â€Å"three strike laws†. The expectation behind it was to getRead MorePrison Blues : How America s Foolish Sentencing Policies Endanger Public Safety1033 Words   |  5 Pagesof minimum sentencing during an often cited speech. As stated in his book Prison blues: How America s Foolish Sentencing Policies Endanger Public Safety, David Kopek credits Rehnquist with stating: These mandatory minimum sentences are perhaps a good example of the law of unintended consequences. There is a respectable body of opinion which believes that these mandatory minimums impose unduly harsh punishment for first-time offenders -- particularly for mules who played only a minor role in aRead MoreMandatory Minimums Should Not Be Mandatory911 Words   |  4 PagesThose who oppose mandatory minimums argue that longer sentences cost too much, are ineffective in reducing drug related crimes, and do not allow for lenience in extenuating circumstances. The average cost of keeping a single prisoner incarcerated in federal prison for a year is approximately $30,619.85 (Prisons Bureau, and Department of Justice), multiply that number by the typical five years in prison mandatory minimum policy demands for minor drug crimes as well as multiplying it by the approximateRead MoreRacism And The American Criminal Justice System1584 Words   |  7 Pagesphenomenon rather than a flaw in the justice system. However, there is overwhelming evidence of a racial bias in the justice system. The infamous â€Å"War on Drugs† compounded the effects of this racial bias by instituting mandatory minimum sentences for minor drug offences. These sentences push what were formerly minor offences into the felony offence category. The legal system creates no less than three different patterns of inequality for convicted felons, of which a staggering number constitute racialRead MoreThe Caging Of America By Adam Gopnik911 Words   |  4 Pagesinapp ropriate sentencings to those with minor crimes. He demonstrates that inmates are getting treated poorly than helping them learn from their actions. Using facts and statistics, Gopnik makes his audience realize that there is an urgent need of change in the American prison system. The main idea of Gopnik’s article is that the prison system needs to improve its sentencing laws because prisons are getting over crowed. Gopnik’s argument is valid because there is a problem in the sentencing laws that

Leyster And Daumier Painted Everyday Life Events - 719 Words

Leyster and Daumier painted everyday life events, despite the different intentions. The time and styles of the artwork are not similar at all, other than the intention to capture everyday life events. Leyster s Self-Portrait focused primarily on herself, how she viewed herself, and how she desired others to view her. This type of painting was extremely rare, if not unheard of during a time when female artists were seen as inferior. The Baroque style of painting exhibits bold colors and dramatic lighting with loose brush strokes. Leyster painted herself looking straight, a slight smile, and comfortable posture; showing a sense of confidence and engagement she desires to capture as though she were looking at the viewer directly. Leyster also had a smooth finish to her painting making it look more like a photograph, than a painting. Daumier s work however, is related closely to the working class and the deep impact the time had on people, using warm colors. Daumier’s heavy pai nt application with harsh dark outlines related to his art as a caricaturist. Daumier worked to express the struggles that time had brought among the lower or working class by the truth relayed in his painting. The family in this photo is looking down, with expressed fatigue demonstrated by the women’s drooped shoulders and uncomfortableness in the crowded Third-Class Carriage. There is no direct engagement with the viewers but rather a sense of compassion is expressed. Daumier’s painting is left

Animal Testing in the United States free essay sample

Examines the procedures and rules governing animal testing, reviews alternative methods and looks at the history of the animal rights movement. This paper covers the history of the modern animal rights movement and examines and evaluates the current federal legislation regarding all aspects of animal testing and treatment of laboratory animals. Individual animal tests and alternatives to using laboratory animals are discussed from different viewpoints. Reasons for either supporting or condemning many different types of animal tests in the areas of medicine, cosmetics and scientific research are looked at. We will write a custom essay sample on Animal Testing in the United States or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This paper covers the history of the modern animal rights movement and examines and evaluates the current federal legislation regarding all aspects of animal testing and treatment of laboratory animals. Individual animal tests and alternatives to using laboratory animals are discussed from different viewpoints. Reasons for either supporting or condemning many different types of animal tests in the areas of medicine, cosmetics and scientific research are looked at.

Woman In Black Live Theatre Review Essay Example For Students

Woman In Black Live Theatre Review Essay On the 29th of November I went to see the woman in black at the fortune theatre in London. The play was adapted from Susan Hill’s original novel, ‘The Woman in Black’, by Stephan Mallart into a semi-naturalistic play within a play. The book pulled on themes from Victorian ghost stories, making it a horror filled with anticipation, the constant air of suspense with underlying menace and threat is replicated superbly. The director, Robin Herford, uses theatrical techniques to ignite and excite our imagination, forcing us to imagine something far worse than what we are actually seeing. Herford’s main intention is to scare us, something, judging by the constant screams, he does quite well. The play also continuously hints towards its period setting, showing the era through the period costume, like bowler hats, and referring to ‘modern’ technology, like recorded sound. We will write a custom essay on Woman In Black Live Theatre Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The theatre itself appeared to be from the Victorian era and is a proscenium arch with a thrust coming out of the CS. The thrust was used by both David Acton and Ben Deery to come out of their various characters and narrate parts of the story, speaking directly to the audience. For the majority of the play a fourth wall was created, but as the thrust came out of the stage it seemed to also come out of the fourth wall. The theatre was also small, making us feel trapped and intensifying the experience because the audience feed off each other’s emotions. When we first entered the theatre we noticed how the stage was set with an odd assortment of unclean, well used items (a chair, a wicker basket, a costume rail covered in a dirty sheet, two buckets and an abandoned piece of scenery placed slightly off stage). The props had no obvious connection and appeared to have no purpose, creating the image of a theatre in the dark, as was the intention of both director, Robin Herford, and designer, Michael Holt. This effect was also created by the dull, dark colours of the props and set. The lack of set also enhanced the idea of an abandoned, unused theatre. A grey gauze obscured the back half of the stage and the floor was painted to look like old wooden floor boards, giving us no real indication of where the play was set and added to the bleak and empty feel. The floor had been painted so that it was darker near the edges and lighter near the middle, focusing our attention and intensifying the play. The play started with Mr (R-)Kipps (R-Kipps refers to real Kipps, Mr kipps to actor in role) walking onstage. There was no indication from lighting or sound that the play had begun as neither changed, even the house lights didn’t go down. This, the lack of set and Mr (R-)Kipps repeating and tripping over his lines gave an immediate amateurish feel to the production. However Mr (R-)Kipps was then interrupted by the actor, who was standing behind the people sitting in the stalls, making them jump. He referred to all the empty seats as he made his way up to the stage, making it clear that the play was set in a theatre and that we weren’t really there, creating a fourth wall. The fact that the lighting and sound hadn’t changed made us think that the production was set in the theatre we were sitting in, immediately making the play (and the non-existent threat of the woman in black) more realistic. The actors were performing for a long time before the house lights finally faded out, allowing us to be slowly drawn in and as the story darkened so did the stage lighting and the seating area around us. .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b , .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .postImageUrl , .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b , .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b:hover , .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b:visited , .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b:active { border:0!important; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b:active , .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u079628ae2ba065205daa781ccc22e71b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The play starts EssayThe key way in which they differentiated between the play (the Actor helping Mr (R-)Kipps) and the play within the play (PWP) (the Actor playing Mr Kipps) was the use of sound and lighting. The PWP used a vast array of sound and lighting drawing us into the story, where as the play used a basic wash of white light, and if a sound effect was added it was always commented upon (e.g. the clock ticking to make the office), and had only been added in the first place as it was going to be used in the PWP. The Actor communicated with the imaginary sound technician Mr Bruce by moving DS, looking up, past audience and clicking his fingers to do this. He would also click his fingers at Mr Bruce to snap out of the PWP. This was extremely effective as we were always aware of which play we were viewing. However I found it annoying as after they had been building up tension in the PWP to suddenly snap out of it destroyed the tension and took us away from the story, making us once again aware that we were watching a play. This also made the scenes that took part in the play seemed long and drawn out, as the lack of lighting and sound meant that the play relied solely on the acting, script and plot, weakening the overall production. However the performances during the PWP were fantastic. David Acton convincingly became a variety of different characters, convincingly changing his accent for each character depending on their class and area they lived (e.g. country accent) as well as giving them certain characteristic, for instance Tomes’s sniff. The tone and pace of his voice would also change, for instance Keckwick had a slow, deep, emotionless voice with a thick country accent. He also had an emotionless facial expression and was hunched over, creating a secrecy about the character that made us very wary of him. His transformation between the different characters was also aided with simple costume changes that dictated the class and background of the character, as well as suiting the situation they were currently in. For example to become Keckwick he donned a dark green coat, an old scarf and brown hat. All the items looked well used, inexpensive and were darkly coloured, suitably making the character looked dressed for a cold night or day, showing he is working-class as well as indicating to the audience that the characters were outside. Where as to be Mr Jerome at the funeral he dressed smartly in a black suit and top hat (middle or upper class), again this suited the character and the situation. The majority of the costume changes were done on stage with the open use of a clothes rail. This is a Brechtian technique that asks the audience to suspend their disbelief and momentarily breaks the fourth wall. However we were perfectly happy to accept the actors doing it, as we simply believed him to be Mr Kipps acting.

Jean essays

Jean essays Jean Piaget is a Swiss psychologist. He is one of the most influential figures in the history of psychology. When he was in Paris, Piaget studied newborns through adolescences. He came up with many interesting findings and facts about cognitive development. Piaget studied his own children whom many people found controversial but he found accurate findings. . Piaget thought that from birth to the age of two, the child is a sensory being, and information is absorbed through sensory and motor activities. Piaget called this stage Sensori-motor. Piaget further broke this stage down into six sub-stages. The first sub-stage (birth-1 month), month one, the child does not show any real learning, simply adaptation, and its primary concern is refining its reflexes. In the following sub-stage (1-4 months), the child refines its circular reactions, where they learn from repetition involving their own body. For example, if an infants hand comes in contact with its own foot, it might repeat the same movement over and over again. Piaget called this primary circular reaction. Also, if an object leaves the childs visual field, his gaze will remain fixed on the spot where it disappeared because he is expecting it to return. If the object fails to appear, the baby will focus his attention on other visible objects. Piaget calls this behavior passive expectation. The third sub-stage (4-10 months) involves secondary circular reactions, where they enjoy repetition-involving manipulation of their environment. At this point in their development, they understand that they are the ones causing the change in their surroundings. The child begins to reach for things, they grab things and bring them closer to the eyes and mouth. In this stage object permanence appears. For example, if an object is halfway hidden, the child will search for the whole item. During sub-stage four (10-12 months); children have learned that objects...

First Electoral College Tie - Election of 1800

First Electoral College Tie - Election of 1800 The first Electoral College tie in American political history occurred in the 1800 election, but it wasnt the two presidential candidates who were deadlocked. A presidential candidate and his own running mate received the same number of electoral votes, and the House of Representatives was forced to break the tie. The first Electoral College tie resulted in Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, a Democratic-Republican candidate, being elected president and runner-up Aaron Burr of New York, his running mate in the election, being elected vice president in 1801. The tie exposed a major flaw in the countrys new constitution, one that was corrected a short time later. How the Electoral College Tie Happened The candidates for president in the 1800 election were Jefferson and incumbent president John Adams, a Federalist. The election was a rematch of the race won by Adams four years earlier, in 1796. Jefferson won more electoral votes the second time around, though, getting 73 to Adams 65. At the time, the Constitution did not allow for electors to choose a vice president but stipulated that the second-highest vote-getter would hold that office. Instead of choosing Jefferson president and Burr vice president, the electors botched their plan and instead awarded both men 73 electoral votes. Under Article II, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution the responsibility of breaking the tie was handed to the U.S. House of Representatives. How the Electoral College Tie Was Broken The delegation from each state in the House was given one vote to award to either Jefferson or Burr, to be decided by a majority of its members. The winner needed to get nine of the 16 votes to be elected president, and the balloting started on Feb. 6, 1801. It took 36 rounds of balloting for Jefferson to win the presidency on Feb. 17. According to the Library of Congress: Still dominated by Federalists, the sitting Congress loathed to vote for Jefferson - their partisan nemesis. For six days starting on February 11, 1801, Jefferson and Burr essentially ran against each other in the House. Votes were tallied over thirty times, yet neither man captured the necessary majority of nine states. Eventually, Federalist James A. Bayard of Delaware, under intense pressure and fearing for the future of the Union, made known his intention to break the impasse. As Delaware’s lone representative, Bayard controlled the state’s entire vote. On the thirty-sixth ballot, Bayard and other Federalists from South Carolina, Maryland, and Vermont cast blank ballots, breaking the deadlock and giving Jefferson the support of ten states, enough to win the presidency. Fixing the Constitution The Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution, ratified in 1804, made sure that electors chose presidents and vice presidents separately and that a scenario such as the one that occurred between Jefferson and Burr in 1800 would not happen again. Electoral College Tie in Modern Times There hasnt been an Electoral College tie in modern political history, but such a deadlock is certainly possible. There are 538 electoral votes at stake in every presidential election, and it is conceivable that the two major-party candidates could each win 269, forcing the House of Representatives to choose the winner. How an Electoral College Tie is Broken In modern American elections, the presidential and vice presidential candidates are joined on the ticket and elected to the office together. Voters do not select the president and vice president individually. But under the Constitution, it is possible that the presidential candidate of one party could be paired with the vice presidential candidate of the opposing party in the event the House of Representatives is called on to break an Electoral College tie. Thats because while the House would break a tie for president, the U.S. Senate gets to choose the vice president. If the two houses are controlled by different parties, they could theoretically decide on a president and vice president from different political parties.

REFLECTIVE PROFESSIONAL ENQUIRY 1 PROJECT Essay - 1

REFLECTIVE PROFESSIONAL ENQUIRY 1 PROJECT - Essay Example Thus they are faced with a responsibility of challenging the disadvantage and the inequality. The oppressive and discriminatory practices faced by the guidance practitioners are in the main social divisions of the race, class, gender, age and also sexual discrimination. (Ali and Graham 1996) In the guidance and counselling practice the practitioners face some barriers and challenges because of an individual’s mental or physical ability. People with various disabilities need some special care and also facilities so that they can be able to work effectively and produce the needed results. In the anti oppressive approach the special provisions for the people with disabilities are put into consideration. This would allow these people to work side by side with the other people who do not have any form of disabilities. (The Disability Rights Commission) The guidance and counselling practitioners discriminate their service receivers on the basis of their physical or even mental disabilities. In the organizations there should be more diverse avenues which should be encouraged so that to encompass all the people including those who have any form of disabilities. On the other hand the society and the practitioners in the guidance and counselling practice are supposed to challenge the way the wants of those who are dominant in the society influence the chances of those with different abilities. (Argyle 1983) In the field of guidance and counselling people who posses various forms of abilities or those with disabilities suffer multiple challenges to the achievement of their human rights. Disability makes it even less likely that the practitioners treat their clients fairly especially those who are not economically independent. The disabled individuals in both the practicing organizations and the society at large are more at risk from abuse and exploitation. For instance in many parts of the world the

An Economic Analysis of With Honors Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

An Economic Analysis of With Honors - Assignment Example Such is the knowledge that is evident in Simon; he has certainly gathered as a function of his substantially long stay on the streets. In a way, it must be understood that, if properly harnessed, such kind of knowledge can be quite beneficial and can serve as a great source of information to researchers and other learners in the study of society and human nature. Our world requires more than common requisites in life. A mere Harvard education is not a guarantee a better life at all. Important as it is, it is still not a panacea to all the limitations that characterize life. We require more knowledge about the world and ourselves. Unfortunately, much of that information is never found in the libraries at Harvard or anywhere else in the world. It is found through experience in life shared through mutual relationships. It is found through the experiences in the streets, just as Simon seems to have gathered. It is found through relationships with idiots and intellectuals. In the movie, M onty learns a great deal from his predicament and relationship with Simon. He gets to underscore the importance of tolerance in life, which becomes integral economically to him. He changes the topic of his thesis because of his association with Simon and the subsequent transformation of his general world perception. It is imperative to realize that, as it appears in the movie that it is not only socially correct, but economically beneficial as well, to prepare efficiently for adulthood life by learning the basics. Graduating with honors alone by submitting a thesis in time is not a sufficient milestone in the course of life. It demands the knowledge that Simon is unknowingly propagating. The essence of life from a moral perspective is to live with honor and not to merely graduate with honors. Economically, a life with honor creates a sense of respect and enables one to climb very high social ladders in the society. For instance, people who live with honor access leadership positions , which come with money and fame. Therefore, as a recurrent theme in the movie, such an orientation in life can effectively make one realize the very essence of their lives, which can bring economic success and prosperity (Strasburger 54). In the movie, the four students learn new ideas in life and gather integral lessons in life. They learn not to ignore the street people like Simon. Assuming everybody in the world was to learn about these realities, it would translate to a very economically prosperous world that cares for the less fortunate in the society and recognizes that everybody in the world is important in their own right. Indeed, nothing is better than such a realization. It is rather funny in the manner Simon exchanges a page of the thesis with Monty for his daily necessities. That is of very great economic importance. It shows that there is nothing in the world that is given for free at least not even for a Harvard senior like Monty. The moral of the episode lies in inun dating the students with the idea that they should expect circumstances in life where despite their holding Harvard degrees, they have to strive and work hard for the necessities in life. In a way, it seems that the world can be a much better place if the likes of Simon were given the opportunity to display the wide experience they have gathered in their experiences in the world. The Harvard students in the movie appear as students of Simon despite his apparent lack of academic knowledge. Economically, this can

Focus on the Learner Essay Example for Free

Focus on the Learner Essay Student Background Veronica is a 31 year old elementary level student. She is originally from Ecuador and is currently residing in Birmingham and has been for the past 3 months. She is University level educated, as a graduate in Dentistry, and a native speaker of Spanish and is also fluent in Italian. Veronica has worked as a dentist in her families practice; she has learned English at a basic level and is able to converse in English at an elementary level. Her motivation for studying English is to increase her level of English language so that she may work as a dentist in England. She has been encouraged by her sister to move to the United Kingdom as the rate of pay in her home country she could not earn enough money. She is very motivated to learn English as she will be able to provide a better life for herself financially and will also be able to better communicate and therefore socialise with her friends from different cultures. Linguistic and Skills: Strengths and Weaknesses 1. Listening It is difficult to grade listening skills without actually setting a listening task. For the purpose of this report I will analyse the understanding of questions set in the interview as well as class observation of the learner. Veronica seems to understand what is said and did not stall in answering the questions. She is able to understand most task set in class with the teacher’s explanation, without requiring further help. However when she doesn’t understand an exercise, she will not respond to the task set and will check with classmates in order to complete the task. 2. Speaking Strengths Veronica is able to present her message in a relatively clear manner. She is a fast speaker, often the case with Spanish native speakers. She uses simple short sentences mainly in the present tense. (Lines 10/14). Weaknesses Veronica has difficulty with pronunciation, often not using stresses. She pronounces the word noisy as nosy as seen in line 13-14. However when I repeated the word in the correct manner, she quickly adopted the correct pronunciation. She uses the past simple to explain future plans as seen in line 20 and line 25.This is a grammar error also noted in her writing and reading task. Veronica uses ‘is’ instead of it ‘it is’ and makes the error of using in instead of at (as seen in line 20) to state future plan of studying at University, she also made the error of putting the before the lexical verb university Grammar Tense Veronica struggles with the future tenses. She uses ‘is’ to explain future plans as seen in line 20. Vocabulary Veronica displays a relatively good level of vocabulary, illustrated by words such a professional, principle and University (lines8/20/21). However at times she struggles to find the words she wants to explain which results in her mumbling ’inaudible’. Pronunciation Veronica struggles with pronunciation. This may be seen in words such as noisy, seen in line 13-14, and principle, line 8/20 Reading Strengths Veronica was able to complete the reading task without any prompt, in other words independently. She was able to read for the specific information, and seemed to be familiar with have and haven’t. She showed particular strength in writing full sentences with correct capital letters as well as an ability to recognise the correct punctuation and contractions making only a few errors. Weaknesses Veronica has made a few errors in the reading exercise. This may be seen through her answering, ‘it is’ instead of ‘it has’, when asked whether an individual has internet on their mobile phone. This perhaps illustrate that she may struggle with grammar. Veronica has also made a few mistakes in writing the correct punctuation, often rewriting the wrong sentence instead of correcting it as well as failing to put a full stop at the end of the sentence, as well as not using enough commas. This illustrates that Veronica who is although familiar with capital letters, punctuation, and contractions needs more support in this area. Writing Strengths Veronica is able to present her message relatively well; she is able to spell most word correctly. She illustrates a variety of words, therefore can be seen to have a good vocabulary for a learner at elementary level. She presents her ideas in logical manner, she states for example that her life in England is interesting and is able explain in more detail why she has written this. Her handwriting is very legible. She is able to use correct punctuation such as full stops and comma’s as well as contractions. Weaknesses Veronica has made a few spelling mistakes, often when words are difficult to spell such as profession which even native speaker struggle with. However even more importantly Veronica has struggled to use the capital letters in the correct manner, for example she writes Favourite instead of favourite and uses full stops to frequently instead of commas. She also struggles with the difference between is, has are and often makes errors in word order. Some of these mistakes such as wrong use of capital letter could also seen in reading task. Rationale for choice of Language area I have chosen to focus on grammar, most specifically on future tenses and future plans. In order to help improve Veronica’s improve her language skills in the area of tenses, as this is an area which is problematic for Veronica. Rationale for chosen skills area I have chosen to focus on speaking as this is an area which Veronica displays difficulty in as illustrated through the recording and may be seen in the transcript.

Analysis of My Last Duchess by Robert Browning Essay -- Robert Brownin

My Last Duchess by Robert Browning is a dramatic monologue about a duke who is showing the portrait of his first wife, the duchess, to a servant of his future father-in-law, the Count. In a dramatic monologue, the speaker addresses a distinct but silent audience. Through his speech, the speaker unintentionally reveals his own personality. As such, in reading this poem, the reader finds the duke to be self-centered, arrogant, controlling, chauvinistic and a very jealous man. The more he attempted to conceal these traits, however, the more they became evident. There is situational irony (a discrepancy between what the character believes and what the reader knows to be true) in this because the duke does not realize this is what is happening. Instead, he thinks he appears as a powerful and noble aristocrat. Robert Browning, the poet, uses iambic pentameter throughout the poem. He breaks up the pattern so that every two lines rhyme. Aside from being a dramatic monologue, the poem is also considered lyric poetry because it is a poem that evokes emotion but does not tell a story. The poem is being told in the speaker's point-of-view about his first duchess, also as revealed in the title, The Last Duchess. The setting is important because the duke's attitude correlates to how men treated women at that time. The theme of the poem appears to be the duke's possessive love and his reflections on his life with the duchess, which ultimately brings about murder and his lack of conscience or remorse. In the first several lines (1-8) of the poem , the duke is addressing an unknown listener. He only uses the pronoun "you" so it is never clear until the ending who the intended listener is. He begins by pointing out the portrait on the wall... ...ding this poem, it is obvious to think that the Duke was definitely a cruel and heartless man. Assuming he had his first wife killed, he didn't seem to care. He just forged ahead in an attempt to find another woman he could control. As a matter of fact, he used his influence to actually warn the servant of his plans for his marriage to the Count's daughter. Instead of mourning his first wife, he seemed to revel in the fact that he was now able to control her beauty in the portrait by only allowing viewing to those he invited to see it when he opened the curtain. Oh, what a powerful feeling that must have been for him! In the 20th century, however, I think this poem would have been written differently to reflect the freedom women have today. No woman would have put up with him! Maybe the Duke would have had second thoughts about how he treated his beautiful Duchess.

Online education vs. traditional classroom Essay

Achieving a higher education, universities have made it possible to students to have different options to earn a degree. Students can choice between attending online classes or traditional classroom classes, whichever one is more suitable to their lifestyles. Earning a degree can benefit a person to gain a better carrier choice, or to enhance his or her current knowledge. Overcoming the demands of life situations, and to be focusing on education can become very difficult. Going to college for the first time or are a returning student can be overwhelming. Each student will have to make a decision for him o herself; there will be no wrong choice when making the decision between the two. When a student is evaluating the classes with one another, there are factors to take into consideration, such as the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of each class. Online classes can increase flexibility and the convenience of completing school compared to traditional classroom classes. Online classes lets the students decide, when they are working on their course material and assignments. Students with a busy schedule, have the flexibility to create their own pace to complete their academic responsibilities, and to meet the deadlines of the class. Time management will be a key element of an online student. The student has to take into account when to schedule for class participation, weekly assignments, and when to go through the course material. It will take self discipline and self motivation by the student actually to log into his or her online class platform, and dedicate the necessary time to meet the requirements. Students have reported that procrastination is one of the problems, they are struggling with. Students are thinking that they have still enough time to complete the assignments, yet result in rushing through assignments and not put all the time, and effort into their work as they would have by staying on schedule. One of the online classes advantage , is the students’ flexibility to log in, whenever it is convenient to them, yet universities are tracking a student’s class participation throughout the course. Each university has there on policy on how to take accountability for the students’ participation. â€Å"University of Phoenix† policy on participation for example, is for the student to log in four times a week (at any given time) and make two posts on each of the days. The students  have the opportunity to create any schedule, to meet his or her needs; this also provides the students with the ability to log in from anywhere as long they have a computer with online capabilities. In contrast, traditional classrooms have a structured environment by attending a classroom setting. The students have set times to be in class, and the instructor controls the pace of the class. The advantage of a traditional classroom environment is that the student can focus on their academic work, without any other influences or interruptions. In comparison with an online class, students’ success is depending on time management as well. It does not matter, which class setting a student is choosing, time management is a very important key element of successes in college. A student needs to make time for homework, research, and class assignments. In contrast to online classes, traditional class the instructor of the class enforces the syllabus, and class requirements. Students of a traditional classroom class than has to focus on, when to conduct his or her research for the class, and when to complete the homework for the following day. In an online class the student is responsible for him or herself when to cover the class material, review resources, and when to set deadlines to post in the discussion form, and to submit the homework, and other assignments. Online classes and traditional classroom class have equally the same classes available, yet there may be a few class a student would not be able to take online, f or example biology, or chemistry. Another factor, when deciding between online, and traditional classroom classes is the involvement and the communication between students and teachers. Students and teachers communication and interaction varies in many aspects when attending online classes, in contrast to traditional class. A student/teacher relationship is only able to be through today’s technology, for instant Smartphone’s, e-mails, or via Skype (if applicable). There is no face-to face interaction compared to a traditional classroom. The ability of face-to face time with a teacher provides a student immediate feedback, and asked questions are being answered directly and quick. Another benefit of face-to face time, is that the students are developing social skills, and enhance there skill of speaking in public because a student is forced to interact. The social interaction creates new networks among the students, for example study groups or support groups, where students can share their experiences. Taking an online class the social interaction is  limited; the students will have to gain knowledge to use technology to communicate with the teachers and other students. Online students are from all over the world; this gives a student the opportunity to get to know other cultures and customs. The online student would have to stay digital connected to other students. With today’s advanced technology, new spectrums of learning and earning a degree are being created. Online libraries and expanded researches by accessing the Internet, reduces research time, and students can complete assignments more efficiently. On the other hand, some students may not attend online classes because of the lack of knowledge of technology or do not have access to the Internet. Others prefer to do the research in the more traditional way, by visiting the campus library, and read books and magazines to receive the information they require. What class, will be more cost effective, is another decisi on a student has to make. The financial aspect, on which academic path to choose from can depend by the following objectives; cost of classes, resource fees, financial aid, and scholarships availability. Traditional classroom classes can be more costly rather than online classes because the university has to maintain the campus and the classrooms, which is raising the tuition fees. Resource material will are lower or even eliminated, when attending online classes because the material is most likely retrieved online. Universities, which are offering online classes, are supplying e-books; students will not have to worry about rising textbook fees. Online classes receive similar funds as traditional classroom classes. A comparison of traditional- and online class the financial aspect stays the same, students of either class attends are eligible for financial aid and scholarships. As a student, investing his or her money wisely is very important; investing into an education is like investing into him or herself. College will be an amazing experience for an individual; it will open new doors and will provide the person with a sense of accomplishment. What type of class to attend, to ensure the academic success, depends on students themselves, yet a new or returning student should take the time to evaluate the advantages, and disadvantages of either option; online class or traditional classroom class. Resources Differences and similarities of online- vs. traditional classes were retrieved from: http://itl.uconn.edu/studentguide/SH_Classroom_vs_Online.html, http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/similarities-between-taking-classes-online-campus-4755.html,http://educationportal.com/articles/The_Differences_Between_Online_and_Traditional_Classroom_Educations.html and http://bestonlineuniversities.com/key-differences-between-online-learning-and-traditional-campus-based-classes/

Tattoos in the Workplace

Tattoos In The Workplace Sarah Jo Phillips COM/150 December 19, 2009 Kathleen D’Aprix In some professions, having visible tattoos is completely taboo and in others it is not only accepted, but embraced. What it boils down to is the level of trust the job requires. Tattoos can mean nothing to an observer, or they could mean everything. Those in professional industry such as doctors, lawyers and teachers are expected to be professionals and dress in a certain manor. The most basic mistake new employees make is under dressing,† says Randall Hansen, a professor of business at Stetson University in Deland, Fla. â€Å"If unsure, dress conservatively. The best way to avoid a problem is to understand the corporate culture,† (Reeves). Dressing conservatively means to not display yourself outlandishly or draw too much attention. Tattoos are like a piece of clothing that cannot be taken off. A doctor or lawyer or investment banker deals with a lot of money and appearance says a lot about a person. A client or patient probably would not put too much trust or money in someone that looks like a biker. On that same token, in a body shop or at a factory displaying a tattoo is not such a no-no. In these manual labor professions, it is often hot, sweaty, physically taxing work and short sleeves are the norm in which case some tattoos will be visible most of the time. What about those high powered attorneys that do have tattoos? â€Å"It's a ‘don't ask, don't tell' understanding,† says Boston lawyer Dave Kimelberg, who works as general counsel for a venture capital firm. Kimelberg sticks to tattoos he can easily conceal under clothing at work — in his case, three-quarter â€Å"ink sleeves† that extend from each shoulder to the middle of his forearms but allow him to roll up his shirt sleeves on warm days,† (Goodman). This example is the most effective way to deal with the issue. Instead of making it a controversial subject, just keep them covered up. W ith the changing times, how much have employers really changed their way of thinking? In the past, a suit and tie was the appropriate attire for going to work in most professions. Women were supposed to wear dresses if they even had a job. Now, the general workplace is more casual. Most places that require a professional dress code allow just about any type of shirt as long as it has a collar. In many cases, gone are the days of having a starched white shirt and tie, now a basic polo shirt is the norm. That being said, a job is done by a person, not by what they look like. However, â€Å"the laws still tend to support employer dress code/appearance policies in general and employers retain some flexibility in creating rules that require employees to present themselves in a way that is consistent with the employer's image,† (Gross). Possibly the greatest example of this swing in attire is in the big time retail sales industry. Fifty years ago it would be unheard of if a salesman at a major department store went to work without a tie, if not a jacket. Today, places like Sears, Macy’s, Dillard’s, etc only require a polo shirt with the company insignia on it. The service industry is not about personal appearance; it is about getting things done. Employees in the service industry are given more freedom in their dress code because appearance is not everything. If something breaks, the customer wants it fixed right and done fast. As long as those two criteria are met, they could care less what the technician looks like. On the other hand, would you trust the brain surgeon that has tattoos across his knuckles? Probably not. That is because there is a lot more trust put into that surgeon than there is in that mechanic. In white collar professions tattoos can prevent clientele from using your business. If you walked into your child’s third grade class and saw that the teacher had tattoos on his hands, chances are you would probably not like it very much. In white collar society tattoos are still a taboo that most are not willing to test. The image that comes to mind when most of society thinks of a highly successful CEO or lawyer does not include tattoos. The only way to accurately answer the question of acceptability of tattoos in the workplace is to consider each situation on a case by case basis. In some professions they are not a problem at all while in others they can cause friction between staff members and management. There is not a single answer to the question because it is all about how they fit within the structure of the specific work environment. There are many factors in what is and is not acceptable in the workplace. Between the amount of contact between an employee and the clientele, the amount of professionalism involved in the position, the norms of the profession and the position itself, having a tattoo can make or break a potential job. Getting a tattoo s a conscious act, that being said, think before you ink and your let your own judgments tell you whether or not to get that visible tattoo. Goodman, M. (2008, June 19). Too Tattooed to work?. Retrieved from http://www. cnn. com/2008/LIVING/worklife/06/19/too. tattooed. to. work/ Gross, B. (n. d. ). Tattoos in the workplace: what's an employer to do?. Retrieved from http://www. allbusiness. com/human-resources /workforce-management-employee/4113152-1. html Klaus, Mary. â€Å"Tattoos in the workplace no longer a taboo. † Pennlive. com. 19 Jul 2009. Pennsylvania Local News, Web. 15 Nov 2009. Tattoos in the Workplace Tattoos In The Workplace Sarah Jo Phillips COM/150 December 19, 2009 Kathleen D’Aprix In some professions, having visible tattoos is completely taboo and in others it is not only accepted, but embraced. What it boils down to is the level of trust the job requires. Tattoos can mean nothing to an observer, or they could mean everything. Those in professional industry such as doctors, lawyers and teachers are expected to be professionals and dress in a certain manor. The most basic mistake new employees make is under dressing,† says Randall Hansen, a professor of business at Stetson University in Deland, Fla. â€Å"If unsure, dress conservatively. The best way to avoid a problem is to understand the corporate culture,† (Reeves). Dressing conservatively means to not display yourself outlandishly or draw too much attention. Tattoos are like a piece of clothing that cannot be taken off. A doctor or lawyer or investment banker deals with a lot of money and appearance says a lot about a person. A client or patient probably would not put too much trust or money in someone that looks like a biker. On that same token, in a body shop or at a factory displaying a tattoo is not such a no-no. In these manual labor professions, it is often hot, sweaty, physically taxing work and short sleeves are the norm in which case some tattoos will be visible most of the time. What about those high powered attorneys that do have tattoos? â€Å"It's a ‘don't ask, don't tell' understanding,† says Boston lawyer Dave Kimelberg, who works as general counsel for a venture capital firm. Kimelberg sticks to tattoos he can easily conceal under clothing at work — in his case, three-quarter â€Å"ink sleeves† that extend from each shoulder to the middle of his forearms but allow him to roll up his shirt sleeves on warm days,† (Goodman). This example is the most effective way to deal with the issue. Instead of making it a controversial subject, just keep them covered up. W ith the changing times, how much have employers really changed their way of thinking? In the past, a suit and tie was the appropriate attire for going to work in most professions. Women were supposed to wear dresses if they even had a job. Now, the general workplace is more casual. Most places that require a professional dress code allow just about any type of shirt as long as it has a collar. In many cases, gone are the days of having a starched white shirt and tie, now a basic polo shirt is the norm. That being said, a job is done by a person, not by what they look like. However, â€Å"the laws still tend to support employer dress code/appearance policies in general and employers retain some flexibility in creating rules that require employees to present themselves in a way that is consistent with the employer's image,† (Gross). Possibly the greatest example of this swing in attire is in the big time retail sales industry. Fifty years ago it would be unheard of if a salesman at a major department store went to work without a tie, if not a jacket. Today, places like Sears, Macy’s, Dillard’s, etc only require a polo shirt with the company insignia on it. The service industry is not about personal appearance; it is about getting things done. Employees in the service industry are given more freedom in their dress code because appearance is not everything. If something breaks, the customer wants it fixed right and done fast. As long as those two criteria are met, they could care less what the technician looks like. On the other hand, would you trust the brain surgeon that has tattoos across his knuckles? Probably not. That is because there is a lot more trust put into that surgeon than there is in that mechanic. In white collar professions tattoos can prevent clientele from using your business. If you walked into your child’s third grade class and saw that the teacher had tattoos on his hands, chances are you would probably not like it very much. In white collar society tattoos are still a taboo that most are not willing to test. The image that comes to mind when most of society thinks of a highly successful CEO or lawyer does not include tattoos. The only way to accurately answer the question of acceptability of tattoos in the workplace is to consider each situation on a case by case basis. In some professions they are not a problem at all while in others they can cause friction between staff members and management. There is not a single answer to the question because it is all about how they fit within the structure of the specific work environment. There are many factors in what is and is not acceptable in the workplace. Between the amount of contact between an employee and the clientele, the amount of professionalism involved in the position, the norms of the profession and the position itself, having a tattoo can make or break a potential job. Getting a tattoo s a conscious act, that being said, think before you ink and your let your own judgments tell you whether or not to get that visible tattoo. Goodman, M. (2008, June 19). Too Tattooed to work?. Retrieved from http://www. cnn. com/2008/LIVING/worklife/06/19/too. tattooed. to. work/ Gross, B. (n. d. ). Tattoos in the workplace: what's an employer to do?. Retrieved from http://www. allbusiness. com/human-resources /workforce-management-employee/4113152-1. html Klaus, Mary. â€Å"Tattoos in the workplace no longer a taboo. † Pennlive. com. 19 Jul 2009. Pennsylvania Local News, Web. 15 Nov 2009.

Tempted by Addictive Shows Heres Why to Avoid Them.

Tempted by Addictive Shows Heres Why to Avoid Them. Last Wednesday afternoon, I received a thought-provoking promotional insert along with my ATT phone bill. It reads: HBO INCLUDED FOR LIFE* ATT unlimited wireless plans come with entertaining movies and addictive shows on HBO. ® I interrupted my housemate’s lunch with my expression of shock: â€Å"Can you believe this? ATT is promoting addictiveness as a reason to get HBO?!! Shouldn’t that be a reason to stay away?† Personally, I have avoided purchasing DIRECTV and such because I am extremely susceptible to binge watching. I’m fine if I don’t start watching, but as soon as I do, I’m hooked. Therefore, the word â€Å"addictive† turns me off. I don’t want it. Do you want to be addicted? Take this 2-question survey. I’m curious. How would you answer these questions? (function(t,e,s,n){var o,a,c;t.SMCX=t.SMCX||[],e.getElementById(n)||(o=e.getElementsByTagName(s),a=o[o.length-1],c=e.createElement(s),c.type="text/javascript",c.async=!0,c.id=n,c.src=["https:"===location.protocol?"https://":"https://","widget.surveymonkey.com/collect/website/js/tRaiETqnLgj758hTBazgd4HXOA_2BAL8aRSL3LZJKxLaJ9EoTH45eK6fxmvPGgncNd.js"].join(""),a.parentNode.insertBefore(c,a))})(window,document,"script","smcx-sdk"); Drug Marketing vs. TV Marketing Historically, companies have attempted to promote products based on the claim that the products are NOT addictive. Perhaps the most apt example is the marketing of OxyContin, a drug introduced in 1996 by Purdue Pharma, which has become famous for its addictive properties. A 2009 paper in the American Journal of Public Health, The Promotion and Marketing of OxyContin: Commercial Triumph, Public Health Tragedy, points out that â€Å"a consistent feature in the promotion and marketing of OxyContin was a systematic effort to minimize the risk of addiction in the use of opioids for the treatment of †¦ pain.† This misrepresentation resulted in successful lawsuits against Purdue to the tune of $634 million. Can you imagine a drug company’s promoting a painkiller with â€Å"It comes with highly addictive properties!†? Probably not. Most people would choose a different drug. At least my phone company and HBO will not be sued for misrepresentation. They own the addictive nature of the TV and video â€Å"drug† straight out. But why would addiction be a selling point? To investigate more, I researched the phenomenon of â€Å"Netflix Addition,† which runs rampant and is growing with every season. It turns out that binge-watching shows like those on Netflix releases fairly substantial amounts of the pleasurable neurotransmitter, dopamine. And the sense of accomplishment from finishing an episode, or a season, releases another pleasurable neurotransmitter, serotonin. The combination is a sure recipe for addiction. The Perils of TV Addiction Why is this pleasurable cycle a problem? Sleep Deprivation Well, for one thing, it makes us spend more time than we know we can reasonably afford to spend watching TV. We say we will stop and then we don’t, often staying up until the wee hours of the morning. As if this sleep deprivation weren’t enough, the light from the shows can boost serotonin and make us feel wide awake, thus decreasing the quality of any sleep we do get. Relationship Strain We frequently ignore calls from friends and family when we’re in the middle of a show or a binge, thus missing out on real connections and distancing people we love. Maybe we even lie to them about how much we’re watching. In actuality, watching shows is a poor substitute for true emotional connection. But we forget that in our addictive haze. Health Consequences While caught up in addictive shows, we sit for long periods and maybe skip the gym, often eat low-nutrient easy-to-grab foods, and maybe even forgo basic self-care because somehow watching just a few more minutes of that show seems more important. Career Blocker – Don’t let this happen to you! Netflix, Amazon or HBO addiction is not conducive to top workplace performance or a successful job search. In addition to not sleep deprivation, there is a part of your brain that will be occupied with wanting to get back to that show you were watching instead of focusing on your job or other important tasks. If you find yourself indulging, how about taking a week off from all those so carefully crafted addictive shows that suck your attention and time? During that week, track whether you sleep more, whether your focus and job performance improve, and whether you stop avoiding the true priorities in your life. If you’re a job seeker, consider this: Getting a blast of dopamine and serotonin with the simple push of a button might seem like more fun than rewriting your resume or LinkedIn profile, but the results you’ll get are ultimately unsatisfying at best, and harmful at worst. While you might enjoy a temporary blast from that next episode of Stranger Things, doing something positive for your long-term goals will ultimately be way more fulfilling. 🙂 Log in to Reply

Uruk - Mesopotamian Capital City in Iraq

Uruk - Mesopotamian Capital City in Iraq The ancient Mesopotamian capital of Uruk is located on an abandoned channel of the Euphrates river about 155 miles south of Baghdad. The site includes an urban settlement, temples, platforms, ziggurats, and cemeteries enclosed in a fortification ramp almost ten kilometers in circumference. Uruk was occupied as early as the Ubaid period, but began to show its importance in the late 4th millennium BC, when it included an area of 247 acres and was the largest city in the Sumerian civilization. By 2900 BC, during the Jemdet Nasr period, many Mesopotamian sites were abandoned but Uruk included nearly 1,000 acres, and it must have been the largest city in the world. Uruk was a capital city of various importance for the Akkadian, Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian, and Seleucid civilizations, and was abandoned only after AD 100. Archaeologists associated with Uruk include William Kennet Loftus in the mid-nineteenth century, and a series of German archaeologists from the Deutsche Oriente-Gesellschaft including Arnold NÃ ¶ldeke. Sources This glossary entry is a part of the About.com Guide to Mesopotamia and part of the Dictionary of Archaeology. Goulder J. 2010. Administrators bread: an experiment-based re-assessment of the functional and cultural role of the Uruk bevel-rim bowl. Antiquity 84(324351-362). Johnson, GA. 1987. The changing organization of Uruk Administration on the Susiana Plain. In The Archaeology of Western Iran: settlement and society from prehistory to the Islamic Conquest. Frank Hole, ed. Pp. 107-140. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. - 1987. Nine thousand years of social change in western Iran. In The Archaeology of Western Iran: settlement and society from prehistory to the Islamic Conquest. Frank Hole, ed. Pp. 283-292. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. Rothman, M. 2004. Studying the development of complex society: Mesopotamia in the late fifth and fourth millennia BC. Journal of Archaeological Research 12(1):75-119. Also Known As: Erech (Judeo-Christian bible), Unu (Sumerian), Warka (Arabic). Uruk is the Akkadian form.

Okay for now by Gary Schmidt Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Okay for now by Gary Schmidt - Coursework Example In the novel, we read about the relationship of Mr. Culross and Doug’s father. Although Doug’s father was working for Mr. Culross, he could terminate their relationship anytime he wanted. From this passage, we learn about Mr Culross’ character as a very cruel person who never cared about the rights of his workers. This character trait is also evident as Doug’s father could come home with a bandage on his face whenever he came from his boss working place, Culross Lumber Inc. (Schmidt, 2011, p. 5). At this instance, we are also able to learn about the character traits of Doug’s father. We see him presented as a humble person who has a lot of steadfast. He is able to work for Mr. Culross even though he receives poor treatments from him. From this passage, we can also understand the theme that develops from the relationship between Mr. Culross and Doug’s father. This is a relationship between the master and the servant or the between the employer and the employees. The theme that develops is that of poverty. Doug’s father is forced to work under a harsh condition in Mr Culross lumber industry because he was poor. It is poverty that makes him to withstand his boss’ cruelty. If he were rich, he could have quitted the job at Mr Culross Lumber Inc. and look for a different place. Another important part of the book is on page 21, the last paragraph continuing to the next page. From these incepts, we come to understand the role that Doug’s mother plays as a woman (Schmidt, 2011, p. 21). When Doug was coming down from the upstairs, he met his mother making some pancakes. From this statement, we learn about the trait of his mother. She is a responsible woman who takes care of the family. She would ensure that her husband have something to eat before he went to work. Apart from being responsible, she is also a hardworking lady

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Reflection paper - Essay Example The book has therefore enabled me to prepare for my future life beyond my school days. In this paper, I will present a reflection on the book â€Å"Ethics in the Design Industry â€Å"with, emphasis to its influence on my personal development. This is because the book analyzes different aspects that currently affect the design industry from a global perspective. The book starts with product development and focus on issues of advertisement and distribution. The chapter 6-10 of the book also touches on issues of sale promotion for design products. In these analyses, the book focuses on different ethical considerations that players working in the industry need to consider. The different issues raised by the book concerning ethical consideration will therefore be of great benefit to my future business plans. My proposed business will be run according to the ethics demonstrated in chapter 6-10 of the book. As a potential businessperson, I look forward to establish several retail outlets that will enable distribution of my products. The book has talks of shop lifting as a behavior that is increasingly becoming popular with shoppers. Shoplifting is the act whereby, shoppers or employees remove merchandise from a store without paying for it. This behavior is unethical and hence unwanted in any organization since it causes massive losses. To restrict such behavior, I will enforce strict ethical requirement as a prerequisite for all new employees. I will also need to install warning signs in all retail outlets informing shoppers of the negativities of shoplifting. The book will also be useful to other students who are looking forward to joining the corporate world. This is because the book contains rich content on the conduct of employees and potential employees. It is the wish of every student to get a job with a leading company in the world. As a future employer, I have also found the book to be

Rules about Delivery in Contracts Involving the Sales of Goods Assignment

Rules about Delivery in Contracts Involving the Sales of Goods - Assignment Example Before the creation of laws governing sales of goods contracts, the right of ownership or Law merchant was the major concept under sales law (Mann & Roberts, 2007, p. 398). Such laws comprised a system of regulations, customs, as well as usages self-imposed by the sellers themselves, in order to settle disputes while enforcing agreement duties between them. Such rules were introduced during fairs when merchants met to swap goods even as they settle their differences via the fair courts they operated themselves. Hence, from 17th-century judges refined the codes behind mercantile laws into contemporary commercial law of sales (Mann & Roberts, 2007, p. 398). certain issues arose under rules governing delivery in sales of goods. Firstly, how do you determine what time the title actually changed from seller to buyer? As it presented a challenge in deciding which party the possession title had at the instance of a loss. Secondly, even though orthodox assessment under such rules would probably indicate that equity laws do not pertain, it would be hard to uphold such view in a contemporary and globalized world. Thus, the aim of this paper is to evaluate how del ivery of contracts involving the sales of goods offers a contemporary uniform and fair regime practices for both domestic and international sale of goods. The paper also discusses the controversies surrounding such rules. In most jurisdictions, the sale of goods contracts is accorded between the seller and a buyer meant to cover the trade and delivery of goods, or any other personal property (Atiyah, Adams, & MacQuee, 2005, ch 1). For instance, in the US, domestic sales-contracts fall under the Uniform Commercial Code, while in Australia the contract for delivery under sales of goods falls under the Australian Sales of  Goods Act 1893. The rules are based on the Freedom of Contract, thus it is up to the concerned parties to agree on their bargain (Bridge, p. 45). Nevertheless, international sales contracts are governed by the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 2009, or Vienna Sale Convention.  

Analysis of the Penan Culture in Malaysia

Analysis of the Penan Culture in Malaysia Introduction: The Penan is one of the groups in South East Asia and they are live in Sarawak, Malaysia. There are about ten thousands Penan live in Sarawak and only about two hundred of them are nomadic Penan people left. The nomadic Penan is the people who are move from one place to other new place in every month to get new places to stay and food. The most important in Penan community make me feel proud is they are not discriminate toward female and children. All the people are equal in dividing food and sharing food. They are fair in distributing item and especially in food. The hunters hunt animals and divided meat equality to each family. The most unique I think that in Penan community is their forest sign language. Forest sign language is very important to Penan people in the forest. The Penan has their forest sign language in the forest and it is a complex forest sign language. For instance, the sign like they hunting in the forest and went to this way. So, the other Penan people will know that they went to that way. In addition, there is also a sign can know that whether the person leaving the sign is in the good mood or not. Culture in Penan community: Culture mean learned behavior in any particular society includes those ideas, techniques and habits which are passed on by one generation to another. This learned behavior or social inheritance, of any society is called its culture. It is the possession of a common culture and the ability to communicate and pass it on to others that distinguishes the human being from other animals. Human are human because they share with others a common culture, a culture which includes not only the artifacts of its living members but also those of members of past generations. Human beings are able to develop and pass on their culture by means of language. (Tony Biton, Kevin Bonnett, Philip Jones, Michelle Stanworth, Ken Sheard and Andrew Webster, 1987, pg 11 and 12). Culture in Penan has already changed especially in materials culture. They have influence by western country materials like they have wearing jeans, t-shirt, shoes, and using plastic. The Penan can get the western materials when they ex change item with the loggers. The processes lead to culture change is diffusion. Diffusion is the movement of things and ideas from one culture to another. The logging companies are the cause of the culture change in Penans culture. Loggers influence the Penan people by change item with them. The item usually change are knifes, cloths, cooking item and so on. Most of the youngest are influence by the western culture. But the eldest not really influenced by western culture, they wear traditional cloths and traditional tattoos. Besides that, they have using traditional hunting like using blowpipes. The Penan hunters usually use blowpipes to hunt wild animals. Blowpipes are the weapon that can use by them efficiency to kill wild animals. Blowpipes are made by hard wood and it got two holes at the beginning and the end of the blowpipes. The Penan hunters also have shotgun but they not often use it, because shotgun is very expensive to own one and hard to get shotgun. Short blowpipes are usually use in the short range in the forest. Blowpipes are use with the poison dart in order to kill the wild animals. Poison darts make from the milky latex in the tajem tress and warmed by fire to produce the darts. Specious darts are use to kill big animals while simple darts are use to hunt small animals. During hunting, the Penan hunters usually carry two knifes. One is long knife and the other is the shorter knife. These knifes are use to cut meat, blowpipe darts and so on. In religion, Penan people are belief in Christian since many years ago. Christian has brought into Penan communities by British since colonial time. The definitions religion includes beliefs about the existence of superhuman beings or forces, the practice of rites and rituals, the institutional forms that religion takes and the power relationships believed to be involved between human being and suprahuman beings. (Robert Van Krieken, Daphne Habibis, Philip Smith, Brett Hutchins, Michael Haralambos and Martin Holborn, 2006, pg 390). But, they still strong believe in myths and spirits in some place. For example, some rituals can expel bad luck in hunting and unsuccessful in hunting. By doing the ritual the hunters can change their hunting bad luck become good luck in hunting. Besides that, blood pacts are one of the cultures in Penan community and usually happen between the Penan leaders and neighboring tribes. In some of the cases, the leaders would shed blood onto tobacco and then it smoke together, and then consuming each other blood and preventing future conflicts. If got a breach of this pact was believed causing vomiting blood and violent death. Economy in Penan Community: The term economy, from which we get economics, comes most directly from the Old French word economie, meaning management of a household. The French adopted the term from the Latin word oeconomia, which was in turn derived from the Greek word oikonomia. Oikonomia came from the word oikonomos, which separates into oikos, meaning house, and -nomos meaning managing. (Mankiw, 2008, page 4). Economy in Penan community is based on the animals meat that they hunted, rattan make by themselves, sago and so on. Most of the item they sold is meat that their hunted in the forest to the loggers. The Penan people get their profit by selling these items to the companies. The Penan people were trade for manufactured goods like knifes, cooking item, cloths and so on. Gaharu is the one of the goods sell to other country like China, Taiwan and Japan to get more profit from it. Gaharu is for medicinal, religious purposes and making perfume. The patterns of economic subsistence are foraging and horticulture in the Penan community. Foraging is the most ancient of human subsistence patterns in foraging for wild plants and hunting wild animals. Most of the Penan hunters are hunting in a small group of relatives and friends. They have their own settlements that are not permanent which they can live in there while hunting. There are three major variations of the foraging subsistence pattern that is pedestrian, equestrian and aquatic. Penan hunters are using pedestrian while hunting wild animals. Pedestrian is diversified hunting gathering on their foot. Hunting is the common activity in Penan to obtain meat from wild animals. Government has give permit to Penan for hunting in the forest. Male are taking part in the hunting activity. Most of the animals hunt by the hunters is wild pigs. They also hunt small animals like birds, squirrels and so on. Before logging begins, many wild animals can be hunted by hunters. After logging started in their forest, wild animals become less and the animals loss their habitant. Trees are chopping down and animals are decrease. So, the hunters become harder to hunt animals where animals are becoming less. The Penan people have involved in the horticulture. Horticulture is the small scale and low intensity of farming. This subsistence pattern involved at least part time planting and tending of domesticated food plants. They have grown their own plants for food and they also keep the chickens and other relatively small domesticated animals are raised for food. Most of the foods are used by them and the surplus of meats will be sold to the loggers. They will gain profit when they sell their own meats to the logging camps. Family and Gender in Penan community: The family may then be defined as a small group of closely related people who share a distinct sense of identity and a responsibility for each other that outweighs their commitments to others, this group is commonly, but not necessarily, based on marriage, biological descent, or adoption. (James Fulcher and John Scott, 2007, pg 447). In Penan community, most common forms of the family distinguished in the literature are nuclear families and extended families. The nuclear family is usually defined as two generation unit consisting of parents and unmarried children. A distinction is generally made here between the family of origin and the family of destination. (James Fulcher and John Scott, 2007, pg 448 and 449). Nuclear families in Penan community are less if comparing to the extended family. They usually live with their parents and their children in their own hut in the forest. The extended family includes other family members. It extends vertically to include at least three generat ions that is at least grandfather and grandmothers. It extends horizontally to include in law, cousins, aunts, uncles, though how far it extends will vary and depends upon perception of the composition and boundaries of the family. (James Fulcher and John Scott, 2007, pg 448). Most of the families in Penan community are extended family. They live together in a big family with their relative. Most extended family live in bigger huts in the forest. Gender refers to differences in the way that men and women in a particular society are expected to feel, think, and behave. Thus, males are typically expected to feel, think, and behave in a masculine way, and females in a feminine way. (James Fulcher and John Scott, 2007, pg 156). There are some differences in gender roles in Penan community. For instance, males are taking part in hunting activity and rough activity. Females are most likely doing soft works like taking care their children, making rattan, finding firewood and so on. Gender roles are that specify the ways in which men and women are expected to feel, think, and behave. These prescribe not only the kinds of work that men and women are expected to do but the feelings they can express and everyday aspects of their behaviour , such as the way that they speak and dress. (James Fulcher and John Scott, 2007, pg 159). But, in Penan community, females, males and children are taking parts in making sago flour. There is no gender stratification in making sago. Logging: Sarawak forest has been logging seen 1970 years. The purpose of logging is to processed timber. The government of Sarawak has given permit to logging companies to log in the forest. It can enhance the local profits and become the first world in 2020. Most of the timber export to other country like Japan, India and Europe. The logging companies using bulldozers to clear up the forest and cutting down trees. The logging companies which include Shin Yang, Samling and Interhill are logging in Sarawak. The company workers usually live in the houses that they have build when they logging. The problem face by Penan is logging in the jungle where they live. Logging can cause many problems toward Penan people. Penan are very hard to live in the jungle where are many logger are logging in their habitant. The changes in the jungle will make them fill difficult to stay at the jungle. The change in the sound of the machines chop trees, the light in the jungle become brighter because of less trees and the temperature become higher than before. Besides that, Penan also facing problems like hard to hunt animals in the jungle where logging activities are started. All the animals run away from the jungle and animals are dying during logging. Penan also hard to get medical plants and food when many trees are destroys by the logging companies. The fruits tress and the sago palm become less after logging has started in Penans forest. So, Penan people feel difficulty in getting the food and sago. The water in the river become mudding when raining. The mud from the trees has been chop ping down. The Penan people cannot get clean water from the river. Social change and development: Social change is about change in the nature, social institution, social behaviour or social relations of a society, or other social structures. It also can also be said as any event or action affects a group of individuals that have shared values or characteristics. The factors that lead to social change are physical environment and poverty. Physical environment refers to the trees in the forest have been cut down by logging companies and the Penan people have to face the new change in their habitants. They are not able to adapt the new life. This is because some of the changes like temperature, light and sound in the jungle have been changes. The dirty water in the river is also one of the social changes. They have to get use to it. Poverty is also one of the factors that lead to social changes. Logging can cause them into poverty. This is because they have less wild animals to hunt and less meat to sell to people. Less trees in the forest making them hard to find fruits in the fore st and it is hard to make rattan when logging started. Furthermore, oil palm plantations have forced them into poverty. There is nothing left for them anymore. The loss of their forests, the Penan is force to poverty and suffers illness because of not enough foods and polluted water. The government has promises to give development to Penan but until now there is no development in their community. Besides that, the Penan also not trust the government and they also do not want development. The government also does not understand why Penan does not want development. The logging companies have given the Penan people the broken and abundant house that the logger had made during logging. So, the Penan people do not feel there has been development in their community. According to Wallerstein (1991), development simply means more, which is a capitalist definition referring to the accumulation of wealth and as a result of this accumulation, one area will remain poor as a result of exploitation by the rich (powerful). Conclusion: The Penan was live in Sarawak since many years ago and there are no troubles in their community. After logging companies come to their forest cutting down the trees and making the Penan suffer from many problems. Logging makes changes in Penans culture, their social, development, economy and so on. In my opinion, the companies should stop logging from destroying the forest and the Penan habitant. Logging will also cause to global warming and it will create disaster toward Penan people. The government also should be more careful in making decision in timber industry. The government must be more consider about the Penan feeling when logging in their forest. Reference: Tony Bilton, Kevin Bonnett, Philip Jones, Michelle Stanworth, Ken Sheard and Andrew Webster (1987), Introductory sociology, second edition, The Macmillan Press LTD, London. James Fulcher, John Scott (2007), Sociology, third edition, Oxford. N. Gregory Mankiw (2008), Principles of Economics, Fifth edition, South Western Cengage Learning. Robert Van Krieken, Daphne Habibis, Philip Smith, Brett Hutchins, Michael Haralambos and Martin Holborn (2006), Sociology Themes and Perspectives, third edition, Longman. James H. McDonald (2002), The Applied Anthropology Reader, Allyn And Bacon.

Statue of Liberty: A Lie? Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Statue of Liberty: A Lie? As I sat on a park bench in the middle of Manhattan, eating a pack of stale peanut butter crackers, I couldn't keep myself from thinking about the woman I had met the day before. The lady I met seemed to be a strong woman of high morale, but after our interaction I came to the conclusion that she was living a lie. Well-known and noticeably the tallest female in the community, many people looked up to her as somewhat of a motherly figure. I'll never forget the tattoo on her ankles that partially read: †¦. cries she with silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" She was a very old woman who really didn't look as old as she was. As we stood side by side, we had a long interesting debate about violence, values and where we thought the United States was headed as a nation. She kept saying how she had been around a long time and how she has personally witnessed the downfall of America; however, she seemed unemotional. Suddenly, tears began to flow down her solid face; or maybe it was rain? What bothered me the most was her body language, which spoke to me like a smart remark. At first, I couldn't quite put my finger on it, but something about her struck me as being hypocritical. She told me her name was Liberty. The Statue of Liberty is a national symbol of freedom for the people in America. Many Americans interpret Lady Liberty in different ways depending on their gender, ethnic, racial background and other social factors that influence our personal opinions of the United States. After personally evaluating how Lady... ...ican values, when at the time females weren't even allowed to vote. There it is! Evidence shows that Lady Liberty is a contradiction because her message hasn't been consistent with society's beliefs. Most Americans firmly embrace the Statue of Liberty, but never stop to question its validity as a representation of America. Lady Liberty is portrayed as being an icon of America but I feel she is one of the largest unchallenged contradictions in our present society. The statue of liberty's main objective depicts America as something it is not. At times I feel angry when looking at the statue because I feel as though we are lying to ourselves by accepting a false reality. It's very unfortunate that "Americas ego" is the cause of so many deaths. Personally, I feel that until we honestly accept the truth about ourselves, we will forever be a misrepresented nation.

New Business Plan

Project-The New Camp PREPARED FOR BODIRUJJAMAN CONTENTS . †¢ Executive Summary03 †¢ Description of Venture04 †¢ Mission and Vision05 †¢ Market Analysis05 †¢ Competitive Analysis07 †¢ Strategy10 †¢ Services 11 †¢ Marketing & Sales13 †¢ Human Resource Plan16 †¢ Customer Service and Support17 †¢ Financial Data19 †¢ Conclusion21 Executive Summary The main purpose and objective of our assignment was to develop a business plan in perspective of our country.The New camp as we want to call it is a camping site that we plan to introduce for the first time in Bangladesh. The idea is to provide accommodation services to locals and tourists during peak seasons but in a unique way, that is our services will be based on outdoor activities. During peak seasons, especially the winter season, it is really difficult to get a place to stay in Cox’s bazaar as most hotels and motels are booked by tourists. As a result, many people are una ble to spend their holidays in Cox’s Bazaar just because they could not find a place to stay.This is where we want to take the opportunity to capitalize on the situation and provide accommodation services which is going to be much cheaper and affordable for the tourists and other potential local customers. As the set up cost of the venture is Low, we can take the opportunity of cost leadership thus making our business profitable. The business: Description of venture The New camp we want to identify it is a camping site that we plan to bring in for the initially in our country. During peak seasons, it is hard to get a place to stay in Cox’s bazaar as most hotels and motels are booked by tourists.As a result, many people are unable to spend their holidays in Cox’s Bazaar just because they could not find a place to stay. So we want to use this opportunity to take advantage of on the situation and provide accommodation services that is going to be affordable for the tourists and local customers. The set up cost of the venture is low; we can take the prospect of cost leadership as well as profit seeker. The purpose of our business is to provide outdoor accommodation. In order to do so we need to have our own land but since it is very costly to have our own land, we decided to lease the land from the government.Currently to start the business we will take the lease a land which area is 3 bigha at Laboni point, Cox’s Bazaar. Our estimated budget is 30000000 taka. So we need to do the following activities to start the business: ? Lease the land. ? Land development ? Recruit Management employees ? Buying tents of various types – starting off with 60 tents ? Hiring security guards, helpers/care takers ? Chefs ,assistants & lifeguards ? Administrative officers in charge of supervision ? Equipment and utensils Logistics & other Developments Vision & Mission Vision Statement: Our vision is to promote and encourage outdoor activities for f amilies and friends and to become the number one camping resort in Bangladesh. Mission Statement: Customer satisfaction is our top priority and we want to make sure every customer that we will have will be satisfied with our products and services. We want to achieve this feat by providing top quality services by ensuring healthier environment, quality food items and spacious tents, outdoor activities within a much cheaper package. Market AnalysisAlthough marketing in tourism sector is competitive, the lifestyle changes created by modern living continue to fuel its steady growth. So competition in this particular sector is increasing day to day in perspective our country. Market segments: Here for our business we divide out market segment according to demographic segmentation that includes age, gender, income and social class. |Age: |Here we are targeting specially certain level of aged people like| | |children’s, teenagers, adults (18 – 45). |Gender: |Our products ar e purposeful for both male and female gender. | |Income level: |We will not provide such products which is not very much | | |luxurious as well as that not appeal directly to consumers on low| | |incomes.Such incomes level customers whom income level is | | |reasonably priced in terms of our products & services. | |Social Class: |For this portion we will choose specially upper and middle class | | |people. | Target Markets & Customers: The market for new camp product cover large area of diverse populated groups. Although it will locate in Laboni point near beach, it is an area where people travel and one that is also frequented by tourists.It is also an area known for and catering to the demographic group we are targeting. Here our target customers are Students, families and couples. So through this we categorize our customers up to certain segments: | |Students |Families |Couples | |Customer Characteristics |Limited buying power. |Affordable buying power. |Maximum level of buyin g power. | |Customer needs |Well accommodation facilities. Accommodation conveniences. |Better accommodation, safety and | | |Better and unique recreational |Tourism related facilities and |honeymoon related services. | | |activities. |Securities. | | |Customer buying decision | |Try to get minimum benefit at an |Try to get maximum level of benefits | | |Low cost products & services. |affordable price. |at an affordable price. |Competitive Analysis: â€Å"The new competition is not between what companies produce in their factories, but between what they add to their factory output in the form of packaging, services, advertising, customer advice, financing, delivery arrangements, warehousing, and other things that people value. † An industry is the manufacturing of a good or service within a category. The New Camp is considering under tourism industry and it will be a medium size industry. This business is starting as a partnership or joint venture business.The main goal of th is business is to provide tourism related outdoor facilities for friends and families with in local & foreign tourists. As we are stating these sort of business for the first time in perspective of our country in a sense the market will be monopoly. But in other sense here there are lot hotels and motels providing almost same facilities so we can call the make as well as oligopoly. If we are going to start our business in Cox’s Bazaar for New camp there are many competitors specially the hotels.But primarily competitors are Hotel Sea Palace, Hotel Corel reef, Hotel Holy day and Sea Hill Guest House. Now individual analysis of each competitors is very complex because on might have one step ahead in one factor and another might have one step ahead in another on the other hand the total description of each competitors will be very lengthy. To make this analysis more fruitful we develop a table where the primary 4 competitor’s names are mentioned with some key factors. New Camp as a base for comparison, the table is given below: Name |New Camp |Hotel Sea Palace |Hotel Corel Reef |Hotel Holy Day |Sea Hill Guest | | |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |House | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | |Factors | | | | | | |Target customer |Middle, Upper class. | |Upper and Middle |Middle class |Middle- lower | | | |Upper-top Class |Class. | |class. | |Price Level |Comparatively Low |Too High |High |Medium |Low medium | |Specially For |Local & foreign tourists|Local & specially |Local and foreigners |Local tourists. Local peoples | | |with friends and family |foreigners. |with family | | | | |facility. | |facilities. | | | |Promotional |Website, Television |Website, Local |Website, Billboards. |Local newspapers. |unknown | |Activity |& newspaper |Newspaper, | | | | | |advertisement, Campaign,|Billboards. | | | | | |Billboard. | | | | | |Accommodation, Foods, |Accommodation, |Accommodation, |Only Accommodation |Accommodation. | | |Rest room with warm bath|Foods, GYM, Swi mming|Restaurants, Room |Facility. | | | |space, Party space, Camp|pools, Bill board. |service | | | |Products & |Fire, Outdoor Movie |Bar. | | | | |Services |theater etc. | | | | | |Distance from |Laboni point near beach. 1 km from beach |1 km from sea beach |2 km from beach |1 km from beach | |beach | | | | | | SWOT Analysis: SWOT Analysis is a strategic planning method used to evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats involved in a business venture. It involves specifying the objective of the business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to achieving that objective. We are mentioning the SWOT analysis of new camp through a table, which will give a perfect view and in a glance all the factors can be analyze through this table: |SWOT analysis |Factors |Internal | |S (Strengths) |Ensuring quality product & services with all tourism facilities. | | |Online service facilities. | | |Affordable price within customer’s income level. | | |Administrative office locally and in the capital. | | |Providing service for both local and foreign tourists. | | |Psychological price (Ex. Tk 695). | |W (Weaknesses) |Lack of proper training, we are offering part -time jobs for some employees. | | |Target customer (especially middle and upper class people). |External | |O (Opportunities) |Public relations (Donation, allow part-time jobs for students). | | |Building image by organizing conferences in different districts. | | |Now consumers are aware of quality products & services and New camp can assures quality with 0 defect | | |policy. | |T (Threats) |Competitors – Hotels like Corel reef, Hotel Sea Palace. | | |Any natural calamities or disasters. | | |Government inconvenience. | | |Chances in price war with its close competitors. | Strategy:For the attraction and make it valuable to the potential customers we are going to follow two types of strategies according to Porters Gen eric strategies. One is Cost leadership strategies and another is Differentiation strategies. In the following how we can implement in our business are explain briefly: Cost leadership strategies: To make our product and services competitive among the competitors we will go for the cost leadership strategies. Companies that choose a cost-leadership strategy offer relatively standardised products with features or characteristics that are acceptable to customers in other words, with a minimum level of differentiation–at the lowest competitive price.This means that companies offer standardised products to an industry's typical customer. Customers receive value when a company successfully implements a cost leadership strategy. We are going implement this strategy by following Points: †¢ Building efficient-scale facilities. †¢ Establishing tight control of production and overhead costs. †¢ Minimising the costs of sales, product research and development, and service. Differentiation strategies: We will differentiate the products someway in order to compete successfully. Like for accommodation facilities we are proving tents that really differentiate from our close competitors. We are going to implement this strategy by following some aspects: ? By cost differentiation. Same product and service in diverse form. ? Providing exceptional services. Like all the facilities means products and services in one price. Services: Here we will divide our products and services into two portions one is regular basis and special. So the packages we are going to offer here we will count it as a special for the peak season and all other services for regular basis. Services: According to our business type we categorize our service into three types. They are Couples package, Family package and Friendly package. ? Couples package: Couples package is that tent for two people with other services. This package will cost 1500 taka per day with all services.Under this p ackage normally we will offer food for breakfast, lunch, dinner and other services like party places, rest room area etc. For this package in extra we will also provide 2 round free Jet Ski rides and free movie tickets. ? Family package: Family package is that tent for four to six people with related services. For this package we decide to take 2000 taka per day. Here we will provide all the services as usual with play ground for children and 1 BBQ dinner for whole family. But we will afford a service as bonus that is free movie tickets for outdoor movie theater. ? Friendly Package: Friendly package is that tent for six to eight people.In favor of this package we will come to a decision for the cost is 2300 taka per day by provides all the services. As we are going to start the business for the first time as a bonus here also we will provide some services that are free movie tickets, free Jet Ski rides for 2 rounds, free entry to one DJ party, 1 BBQ dinner free. Additional Services: ? Breakfast – Fruits, eggs, pancakes, bread and jam, fresh juices, cold drinks, and other beverages etc. ? Lunch – Fast foods like burgers, hotdogs, French fries, sandwiches/ Indian cuisine/ Bangladeshi cuisine. ? Dinner – BBQ/ Thai cuisine/ Chinese cuisine. ? Refreshments- tea, coffee, soft drinks, mineral water, fresh fruit juice.For the purpose of recreation and excitement we will make available some other services related with tourism. Other services are: †¢ Rest room area with swimming pool †¢ Camp fire †¢ Party Space †¢ Jet skis †¢ Children’s play ground †¢ Outdoor movie theater According to our product and services we are going to provide to fulfill the need of local and foreign tourist in Cox’s Bazaar during the peak season because it is difficult to get the room services and other facilities. As it’s a new business in perspective of Bangladesh completely a new experience for our countries people specia lly. Also able to accomplish all the purpose at a time they are living, recreation, low cost facilities and new experience in comparison to other providers.That’s how make our product competitive and unique. During this time in Cox’s Bazaar people have to pay only the room service in this amount what we are going to provide in our products with other services. So in that point of view by maintaining 30% profit margin in total and these products & services competitively it is healthy situation for us. In viewpoint of Bangladesh all the time it is pretty much difficult to get the license from government to lunch a business, also transportation problems and sometimes difficult to necessary materials too. So we are hoping to face these sorts of obstacles to start out business with these products and services. Marketing & SalesHere we target people as our customers mainly college & university student, families & couples, foreigners and In focusing on the unique aspect of ou r product & service theme and customer a mix of marketing vehicles will be created to convey our presence, our image and our massage. So in the following we are showing the mediums will be use to market our product: ? Print media: We will use print media as our first choice to implement the marketing of our product. As a print media we will go to use Newspapers, Magazines and Student publications. ? Broadcast media: We will broadcast local programming and interest shows as a promotional activity through television and radio advertisement. ? Web: We will build our own website with online booking systems; other details will include contact info, package and service info and price details. ? Trade shows: We will campaign in different universities and colleges in Bangladesh.Through which we can make our product and services notorious to people. ? Miscellaneous: We will use some other intermediates for the purpose of promotion like billboards, seminars, one to one sales and leaf lets. A public relations firm has been retained to create special events and solicit print and broadcast coverage, especially at the start-up. For this purpose our budgeted cost will be 800000 Taka per year at the start. Sales Tactics: Selling and sales results are pretty clear cut: you get what you put into your sales efforts. If your employees are unhappy, or if you do little to sell your product, you’ll likely do just that: sell little of your product.So for the sales purpose of our product and service we develop the sales tactics through using the 4P of marketing. |Product: |As we are going to stat such a business that is related to tourism so our products & services are | | |designed such a way that is related to this particular industry. Most important as a tactic is the | | |things we will provide some products that are never before introduced in perspective of Bangladesh and | | |it varies from its primary competitors. So it is completely new and people will really appreciate to | | |take such initiative experience. |Place: |We will provide such facilities through our website and our administrative office they can easily make | | |sure their booking. So for these purpose we develop websites of our own and two administrative offices | | |in Dhaka as well as in Cox’s bazaar initially. | |Promotion: |For make our product aware we are using varieties of promotional activities that already motioned. We | | |will make sure known to all level of customers. | |Price: |We are going to offer such price which is really affordable for the customers in terms of locals and | | |foreigners too. That really differs from the particular competitors. | Promotion Mix:A successful product or service means nothing unless the benefit of such a service can be communicated clearly to the target market. So to make our product & service attractive we create the following promotional mix: |Types of Promotion |Explanation | |Advertising: |Here we are using non personal paid form of communication some sort of mass media like Radio, | | |Television and billboard. | |Public relations: |We will pay intimate stimulation of supply for a product & service by planting significant news | | |about it or a favorable presentation of it in the media.Like Newspaper, Magazines and Student | | |publications. | |Personal selling: |As we will selling our product one to one that is persuading one or more prospects to purchase a| | |good or service or to act on any idea through the use of an oral presentation. | |Sales promotion: |To market our product we will go for campaign in different educational institution that is Media| | |and non-media marketing communication are employed for a pre-determined, limited time to | | |increase consumer demand, stimulate market demand or improve product availability. |Internet marketing: |Also we will promote our products and services through our own website with contact info, | | |package and service info and price details. | Human R esource Plan: In contest of our business we have to operate a lot of activities to make our product & services available to the customers. To operate the whole business we need the following employees: |Post |Number of vacancy |Skills required |Roles & responsibilities |Education & experience | |Security guards |10 |Able to communicate well, |Providing safety & |Minimum class 8 with 1 year | | | |able deal with crowd people,|securities |experience. | | |must willing to work day or | | | | | |night shift. | | | |Chefs assistant |6 |Better communication |Helping cooking work , |Minimum education up to HSC | | | |abilities with customers. |serving & ordering food |with 1-2 year experience. | |Life guards |6 |Must have excellent oral and|Monitor the day-to-day |Job experience 2 years with | | | |written communication |operations of the beach, |minimum education up to HSC. | | |skills, must be familiar |Create a fun and socially | | | | |with sea beach program & |rewarding environment fo r | | | | |procedure |our Members and their Guests| | | | | |etc | | |Musicians |2 |Operate dJ instruments |Make a chill out parties. At least educated and | | | | | |experience 2-3 year | |Care takers |20 |Must have skill specially |Cleaning, maintenance and |Minimum education class 8 | | | |maintaining equipments. |other management | | | | | |responsibilities. | | We will advertise into particular print Medias like newspaper and monthly magazines to recruit these categories of people.For any particular post and job they have to contact in our administrative offices with necessary documents on HRM department. Customer service/ supports: For better customer service we will ensure some quality management that adds value to our products and services to satisfy our customers. In the following these points are given: ? We will give the customer satisfaction as top priority by providing quality products & services. ? Continuous improvement of our products and services ? Proper maintenanc e of play grounds, movie theaters, dance floors and toilets. ? Foods will be cooked with healthy oil. ? Securities and lifeguards will be available 24/7.Equipments: To support our potential customers we need following Tents, ovens, official furniture’s, large LCD monitor, umbrellas, Commercial Mt Rainier Structure, Spring Whale Spring Rider, Table 30†³ Magna Surface Mount, jet skies, swimming pool related equipments etc. Purchasing: As we have to provide all this products and services as package for customer satisfaction so to make it available all the purchasing items we will con tact or have agreement with particular suppliers. |Categories |Suppliers | |Raw food stuffs |Agora super shop, Chittagong |Development: In the terms of development we need to build up some infrastructure like swimming pool, party place with necessary equipments, rest room areas with well potential stuffs etc. Organization Structure Financial Data: Promoters Investment or Owners Equity is 12000 000 taka and total Contribution Margin 40%. Rest of the money will be apply for bank loan taka 18000000. In total 30000000 taka authorized capital. Estimated Projected list |Column1 |Column2 |Column3 |Column4 | |Lease for 3 years |10000000 |(Approximately) |41. 67% | |Land Development |1500000 |(Approximately) |6. 5% | |Fixed Setup |5000000 |(Approximately) |20. 83% | |Logistics |1000000 |(Approximately) |4. 17% | |Marketing Cost |1500000 |(Approximately) |6. 25% | |Modern Technology & |4000000 |(Approximately) |16. 67% | |machineries | | | | |Working Capital |1000000 |(Approximately) |4. 17% | |Total |24000000 | |100. 00% | Income Statement Column1 |Column2 |Column3 |Column4 | | |2012 |2013 |2014 | |Turnover: | | | | |Regular |21600000 |27540000 |31590000 | |Special |9800000 |11466000 |15750000 | |Net Turnover |31400000 |39006000 |47340000 | |Operating Expenses: | | | | |Stuff & employee Cost |6000000 |7000000 |8000000 | |Marketing Cost |800000 |700000 |600000 | |Maintenance Cost | 1000000 |1000000 |1000000 | |Accumulated Depreciation |835000 |835000 |835000 | |Rent Cost |3333333. 33 |3333333. 33 |3333333. 33 | |EBIT |19431666. 67 |26137666. 67 |33571666. 67 | |Financial Expences |9858192 |9858192 |9858192 | |EBT |9573474. 67 |16279474. 67 |23713474. 67 | |Tax Exp. 20%) |1914694. 934 |3255894. 934 |4742694. 934 | |Net Income |7658779. 736 |13023579. 74 |18970779. 74 | Notes: Turnover – Regular (500*270* Number of customers) Special (1500+2000+2300)* 90* (Number of customers) Break Even Analysis |Column1 |Column2 |Column3 |Column4 | | |2012 |2013 |2014 | |Net Turnover |21826525. 33 |22726525. 33 |23626525. 3 | |Operating Expenses: | | | | |Stuff Cost |6000000 |7000000 |8000000 | |Marketing Cost |800000 |700000 |600000 | |Maintenance Cost |1000000 |1000000 |1000000 | |Accumulated Depreciation |835000 |835000 |835000 | |Rent Cost |3333333. 33 |3333333. 33 |3333333. 33 | |EBIT |9858192 |9858192 |9858192 | |Financial Expenses |9858192 |9858192 |9858192 | |EB T |0 |0 |0 | |Tax Exp. |0 |0 |0 | |Net Income |0 |0 |0 | Conclusion:If we are able to successfully set up this business, we believe we could bring an exciting change and make tourism in Bangladesh Cox’s Bazaar more fun and interesting. We want our potential customers to have the utmost fun and make sure they check out of The New Camp with a smile in their face. This is just the start of our new adventure and we want to add more features like a shelter booth for our customers during storms and disasters and attractions like paragliding and scuba diving. Appended Part: NOTES ? Monopoly: A monopoly is a market condition in which a single seller controls the entire output of a particular good or service. A firm is a monopoly if it is the sole seller of its product and if its product has no close substitutes. Oligopoly: An oligopoly is a market condition in which a firm is doing business not with the same product and service like your business but those products & services serve t he same purpose similar to your product. ? Psychological price: Psychological pricing or price ending is a marketing practice based on the theory that certain prices have a psychological impact. The retail prices are often expressed as â€Å"odd prices†: a little less than a round number, e. g. 19. 99 Taka. REFERENCES ? Joseph T. Straub & Raymond F. Attner, 2006, Introduction to Business, 2nd edition, Kent Publishing Company, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. ? Philip Kotler & Kevin Lane Keller, 2006, Marketing Management, 12th edition, Prentice – Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi. ? William J.Stevenson, 2005, Operations Management, 8th edition, McGraw Hill Companies Inc, Avenues of Americas, New York, USA. ? James C. Van Horne & John M Wachowicz JR, 2001, Fundamentals of Financial Management, 12th edition, Prentice Hall Inc Financial times, Edinburg Gate, Harlow Essex, England. ? Fred R. David, 2009, Strategic Management Concepts & Cases, 12th edition, Prentice †“ Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi. [pic] ———————– Chairman Vice Chairperson Vice Chairman Director Director Director Managing Director Deputy Managing Director Deputy Managing Director Manager (management) Operation Administration Accounting & Finance Marketing